The Complexity of Compounds

The Complexity of Compounds The Complexity of Compounds The Complexity of Compounds By Mark Nichol A site guest got some information about the right use of a word used to portray gatherings held in an up close and personal organization instead of in a homeroom seating direction. Is such a social affair a round table, or a roundtable? While portraying a household item with a roundabout surface, we compose â€Å"round table.† But as regularly happens when a quotidian term builds up another sense, the treatment changes. Tragically, this advancement is aimless and conflicting, mostly in light of the fact that we are inside the progress zone for quite a bit of our jargon, and different word references may separate in their treatment of a particular term. Be that as it may, the transcendent structure for the feeling of â€Å"face-to-confront bunch meeting† is presently roundtable. (In any case, keep up differentiations for different faculties: â€Å"King Arthur’s Round Table was truly a round table just as a gathering of his supporters, at which they ate as well as held roundtables.†) This sort of development happens regularly in business and authoritative settings. Other open mixes experiencing such a change incorporate â€Å"life cycle† (to depict the recurrent idea of items and frameworks) and â€Å"road map† (concerning the course an association takes for itself or for an item or administration). Be that as it may, in the organic feeling of â€Å"life cycle† and the strict cartographic feeling of â€Å"road map,† these mixes stay open, however that status may change. (See this post, which portrays the existence pattern of compound words.) For what reason does this change happen? People have a characteristic inclination to rearrange or combine things, including language. Also, in an open framework, for example, language advancement, it is simple for nonstandard phrasing (slang, language, etc) and treatment (condensing, constriction, capitalization, spelling, etc) to grab hold and win. At the point when journalists make suppositions without check about how compound words are styled-including such transitional structures as result and outlook, styling them side-effect and mentality those structures reproduce virally as others see them in distributed materials and uncritically utilize them. That is the procedure of advancement by which â€Å"round table† will definitely become roundtable in hierarchical language as well as in regular use to depict family unit furniture, and by which lifecycle and guide are probably going to some time or another apply in all undertones, and by which side-effect and attitude will get standard. Yet, the tipping point for these structures has not yet shown up, so keep on alluding to respectable sources and watch the â€Å"round table†/roundtable qualification just as the others noted here. Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Spelling classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational WritingTen Yiddish Expressions You Should KnowTo Tide You Over

11th Grade Essay Topics

11th Grade Essay TopicsMany times teachers, parents and high school students do not consider essay topics that might apply to them at the time. When it comes to final grades, most students do not put much time into planning topics or writing an essay.Essays are written to prepare students for further classes and help them think about the subject matter they have studied in class. There are many different types of essay topics, and the key is to choose a topic that your student will find interesting.Whether your student has already finished their coursework or will be completing their courses before the year is over, essays should focus on the course and/or the subject that your student wishes to improve on. If your student has not studied the topic for a long time, then you should provide extra content by relating current events, or current news to the topic.Some students like to write about their opinions on certain interesting things such as politics, health, and a lot more. When y ou read through the following essay topics, make sure you take note of things that you believe your student would enjoy and be interested in.Essay topics for high school students focus on specific events that happened in history. This can include world wars, World War II, the civil war, etc. These events provide extra content to review throughout the year.Historians use essays to show how different people view the same historical basis. Students who are researching for this type of research should focus on one particular era.Students who want to write an essay about a 'social' issue can choose to write about a situation they have personally experienced. By discussing the issue with your classmates, you can make sure that you focus on the facts and leave out any opinion.Again, it is important that students write about interesting topics that they will be interested in learning more about. Research can help you choose an interesting topic, but it's up to you to find an idea that your student will be interested in and will get the results you want.

Using Argumentative Essay Topics For More Attention

Using Argumentative Essay Topics For More AttentionUsing arguments in your Praxis argumentative essay topics can be a great way to get more attention. Making an argument is a way to make a point, but what makes it effective is getting other people to be willing to listen. When you present your argument, you have to give them something that they can take away with them and remember.There are many different argumentative essay topics that will work for different types of students. It all depends on the overall lesson that you are trying to teach. The more words you have, the better the overall effect will be.Not every subject in the world can be used for argumentative essay topics. If you are trying to teach about sports, there is no way to get around using them. For example, if you are trying to get to someone about team sports, using sports in the essay topics is a must. Using games like 'horseshoes' is a great way to get an instant connection.Another subject that can be used for arg umentative essay topics is politics. If you want to educate people about the political system in America, use the history of the United States as a basis for your point. Also, if you are teaching someone about some of the social problems that are currently facing America, the United States' lack of civil rights, or even current politics, you can use the United States as a point of reference.Keep in mind that the better your argument is, the more powerful it is going to be because you can make a general point. When you make the case that a certain situation is bad, it can take anyone's attention off of what they were doing. Instead, you can turn the conversation to your cause or your point that you want them to take away.Always remember that your sentence structure will determine the strength of your point. Your sentences should have few words and always be true. Don't ever use unclear words, use one or two words to ensure that your point is accurate.When you are choosing argumentati ve essay topics, make sure that you write your essay well. If you are not a very good writer, there is no point in writing your essays. Always be truthful and work hard to get the information out.Use your Praxis argumentative essay topics to get more attention. Make sure that your topic is up to par and avoid the subject that you are teaching on. You can do this by making sure that the topic is one that you feel strongly about.

Personal Statement Senior Business - 866 Words

â€Å"Senior Business† I have watch this beautiful, strong, vocal woman who is my mother speaking in behalf of my grandmother, and I never knew why when I was small. As I got older I understood why. My mother always made sure that nobody took advantage of my grandmother or disrespects her. My grandmother was a very proud and intelligent woman, but as she got older it was hard for her to express herself, so my mother became her voice. Now I find myself walking in my mother shoes. My mother is now a senior citizen and I am her voice at times. Being an elderly, some people take advantage of you, some people show no respect for them and many have no one to speak up for them. Senior Citizens are considered ignorant and shun upon in our society. They are looked upon as simple, stupid or slow because of their age. This is all a myth; senior’s citizens are intelligent, knowledgeable in our history. They know about what is going on in our community and in the world. Seniors have experience life challenges, negative and positive, from the great Immigration to Jim Crow era. Some elderly have experience life at its worse. Seniors have been where the young generation is now going through. As my mother use to say â€Å" If you live long enough, you will experience being old one day, and you would want to be treated with dignity and respect. This is why it is so important for me to start up â€Å"Senior Business† which will be exclusively for seniorShow MoreRelatedMary Kay Case Analysis Essay example1272 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1999, Mary Kay’s senior executives were contemplating a new strategy. This new strategy was necessary to face stagnant sales, changing consumer trends and increased competition. I. Background A. Industry and Distribution Channel Mary Kay was a direct seller of cosmetics and toiletries. This direct sales force consisted mainly of women who sell full-time or part-time through home demonstrations. 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Question 1 : Do you think that Kellogg’s CSR statement is sincere, or is the company merely trying to convince stakeholders that it is a socially responsible company? Explain. Answer: CSR statement of Kellogg has deceived the public as their products has beenRead MoreManagement Levels Explained1265 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the difference between first-line, middle, and senior management? Discuss the key skills required to perform effectively at each level of management. Assess your own strengths and development needs in terms of the skills required to be an effective first-line manager. In the operation of any sizeable company, different levels of management are responsible for maintaining successful production and development of the business. Over the course of this discussion, I will define managementRead MoreWhy Enron Failed So Miserably1119 Words   |  5 Pagesto an extent that federal officials would intervene in foreign governments to promote Enron’s plans. Enron’s senior management placed their loyalty to solely themselves above everyone else with an interest to the company, for example foreign governments, employees, contractors, customers. When Enron was in financial crisis, employees were prohibited from selling the shares whilst the senior members most notably Mr. Lay was selling his shares, The sense of betrayal was greatly increased due to theRead MoreThe Impact Of Senior Management On Corporate Governance989 Words   |  4 Pagescan’t devote all his energy to MiniScribe. Evidences in several forms have suggest that senior management was involved in fraudulent financial reporting activities, which indicates a failure of corporate governance. (2) Weak System of Management Control Since Mr. Wile is a powerful CEO, the management style of MiniScribe is very personal. As the reason of frequent reorganization and reassignment, the senior managers often did not have the necessary experience or educational training to perform their

Climate Change And Its Effect On The Ecosystem - 1410 Words

Climate change is an issue that is occurring not only in Canada, but all over the world. Climate change has been caused by natural reasons, but due to human activities, it has quickened the process of climate change. Burning of fossil fuels and cutting down trees increases the amount of carbon being emitted, which would be trapped in the ozone. From 1948 to 2013, Canada’s average temperature has increased by 1.6 °C. This increase of the average temperature has changed the temperature during winter and spring and will continue to significantly change over the course of many years. Climate change could lead to very severe impacts to different regions. It could cause extreme weather events like droughts, but also heavy rainstorms. Climate†¦show more content†¦Today’s atmosphere contains 45 percent more carbon dioxide than before the industrial era. As mentioned above, climate change affects the world in many different ways. Climate change affects the temperatur e, weather patterns, ecosystem and the economy. Climate change can cause all sorts of severe weather events from droughts to floods to forest fires to heavy rainstorms. The ecosystem would start to collapse as climate change becomes more severe. Animals would have to migrate to survive and many species would become extinct. Climate change could also affect Canada’s economy as many sectors include natural resources. For instance, droughts would affect farmlands all across Canada and a deficiency in the food supply may occur. Forest fires are also common and may affect the forestry sector. Scientist have found possible solutions for climate change. These solutions would help the environment greatly and create a sustainable Earth. Some of these solutions include foregoing fossil fuels, stop cutting down trees and research and develop new, cleaner fuels for the future. Eliminating the use of fossil fuel is essential for slowing climate change from occurring. This may be quite a d ifficult task as many countries depend on using fossil fuel for daily activities like driving cars to powering electricity plants to heating up houses. If countries forego using fossil fuels, there would be an increase in unemployment. For

Stages of Critical Thinking Free Essays

Stages of critical thinkingHow to move to the next stageObstacles to moving to the next stage EXAMPLE: The Unreflective ThinkerExamine my thinking to identify problems that affect my thinking. Deceiving myself about the effectiveness of my thinking The Challenged ThinkerFiguring out that my thinking is causing me serious problems. Realizing that my thinking is not as perfect as I believe and develop awareness of how thinking operates for good or bad. We will write a custom essay sample on Stages of Critical Thinking or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Beginning ThinkerMaking attempts to better understand how I can take charge of and improve my thinking. Recognizing and changing the problems in my thinking to and ways to develop as a thinker. The Practicing ThinkerActively analyzing my thinking in a number of ways. Develop awareness of the need for systematic practice in thinking. The Advance ThinkerHaving significant insight to problems at the deeper levels of thought. Developing understanding for systematic practice thinking and insight to deep levels of problem in thought, consistent recognition. The Accomplished ThinkerContinually monitoring, revising and rethinking strategies for continual improvement in my thinking. To make the highest levels of critical thinking intuitive in every part of my life. Write a 150- to 200-word explanation of your current stage of critical-thinking development and explain why you placed yourself at that stage. Format your paragraph consistent with Associate Level Writing Style Handbook guidelines. Strategies to Develop Critical Thinking Now that you identified your current stage as a critical thinker, it is necessary to adopt strategies to develop your thinking. Of the nine strategies you read about this week, choose three that you can begin to practice. Identify the strategies and describe how you can implement each strategy in your daily life. EXAMPLE Strategy: Deal with my emotions. Implementation Plan: When I am faced with a decision, I will examine the positive and negative emotions associated with my decision. This will help me limit the influence of my emotions on my decisions. Strategy 1: Reshaping your character Implementation Plan: When having a discussion I need to be more open minded to other ideas. I tend to assume I know better than some people and will dismiss their ideas as good before I even hear them out to make an educated decision. Strategy 2:Analyze group influence Implementation Plan: It is easy to get caught up in a group decision and have to deal with group speak (for lack of a less political term) regardless of what the situation is. Having a better stance or backbone to make the right decision against the popular decision is imperative to good critical thinking. Strategy 3: Redefine the way I see things. Implementation Plan: I see things that are always my way. I need to open up and look at it in someone’s perspective. I need to be able to see it in someone’s eyes so I know what it feels like. How to cite Stages of Critical Thinking, Essay examples

Public Goods and Negative Externalities A Real

Introduction The growing social awareness and increased attention towards sustainability and the value of public goods have resulted in a profound shift of public consciousness. Private businesses are bound to comply with numerous laws and limit their participation in the economy, in order to reduce the potential harm caused to the nature and people and avoid possible violations of the new sustainability requirements.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Public Goods and Negative Externalities: A Real-World Problem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizations are developing complex sustainability policies to confirm their commitment to the importance of public good; meanwhile, individuals are becoming more potent in the defense of their individual and collective rights. Unfortunately, laws and courts that govern sustainability processes in business have little to do with economics. In the meantime, any decision to limit economic production for the sake of another public good, e.g. the environment, inevitably leads to other negative externalities, for instance, the lack of essential goods in the market. According to Ronald Coase, the problem of public goods and negative externalities is reciprocal, and any decision is essentially about the proper allocation of the existing resources and not about limiting the production of one good over another. Public good: Defining the term Despite the common use of the term â€Å"public good†, few, if any, authors provide its definition. More often than not, the meaning of a public good is taken for granted. This is, actually, one of the basic reasons why economists and legal professionals face a certain degree of confusion, when dealing with various public good issues. For the purpose of this paper, the definition offered by Paul Samuelson will be used. Samuelson defined public good â€Å"as a collective consumption good; one individual’s c onsumption of the good does not subtract from any other individual’s consumption of the good† (McDonald McMillen 267). However, it is not enough to say that a public good is consumed collectively; the main features of a public good should also be identified. Modern economists usually speak about the two main features of a public good. First, a public good is that which, once provided and consumed by one person, does not demand any additional cost from another person who also consumes it (Rosen 56). In other words, a public good can be consumed collectively in a manner that is nonrival: it does not really matter how many people breathe the open air or catch tan under the sun. These public goods can be consumed collectively at no additional cost for every new consumer. Second, and it follows from the first feature, no one can physically or reasonable prevent anyone from using a public good (Rosen 56). In professional terms, every public good is nonexcludable (Rosen 56).A dvertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More No one can forbid certain individuals to walk under the sun or breathe in the open air – the sun and the air are both public goods that can be used without any limits. Still, it should be noted, that the goods mentioned above are pure public goods. Simultaneously, a wide range of marketable public goods are available to consumers. These include but are not limited to public transport, healthcare insurance, energy, etc. More importantly, any public good that is considered as pure can lose its absolute â€Å"purity† and become non-absolute. A classic example is the growing number of people over a limited territory that leads to congestion and limits the availability of fresh air and heat (Rosen 56). In this situation, the air and sun that used to exemplify pure public goods are no longer nonrival. The cost of these goods for each new visitor will continue to increase, whereas their availability with each new visitor will gradually decrease. Ronald Coase and the Public Good Proposition Public goods often become the central objects of legal arguments and economic discussions. With the growing society’s emphasis on sustainability, environmental protection, and the common good, many individual consumers and businesses are bound to sacrifice their interests and pursue some distant social goals. In the past decades, numerous laws were created to govern the relationships between consumers and public goods. However, the nature of these relationships is not really about laws but, actually, about economics. At the heart of Ronald Coase’s article â€Å"The Problem of Social Cost† is the idea that the problem of the social damage caused by businesses to the society is, in reality, a reciprocal problem. Traditional approaches rely on the distinction between private and public goods (Coase 1). In the se approaches, social (public) goods are assumed to be more vital to the society than the private goods produced by businesses (Coase 1). Consequently, it has become common and even desirable to make businesses and their owners pay for the damage they cause to the society, the environment, and other public goods (Coase 1). The forms used to make businesses pay for their public mistakes vary, depending on the situation, and may imply a fine, the costs of quality assurance, or even the limits imposed on the amount of goods and services businesses are allowed to produce. Yet, when considered more thoroughly, the problem of the public-private relationship is much more sophisticated. In the economic terms, the decision to make business pay for its public damage is inherently and unavoidably harmful (Coase 1). To limit businesses in their impacts on public welfare is the same as to inflict harm on them (Coase 1). Coase argues that the problem of public goods and social benefits is recipro cal, because to avoid the harm to society, society will actually need to harm businesses (1). Coase uncovers the hidden facets of the society’s relationship with businesses. In the recent years, it has become very popular across the developed societies to hold businesses and private entities responsible for the harm they cause to the provision of public goods and society’s welfare.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Public Goods and Negative Externalities: A Real-World Problem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the fundamental assumptions made by Coase is that, in the fight between the public and the private, the latter is bound to take a secondary position. Simply stated, the goals and principles pursued by businesses are commonly regarded as of secondary importance against the values and principles pursued by the public. This is why, in many legal cases, businesses are made to comply with law s and carry considerable losses, simply because most legal professionals lack any economic insight. To a large extent, the problem of the private versus public is similar to the problem of cattle and crops: whether the cattle owner should build a fence or the crop owner should sacrifice some of his/her territory is difficult to define, unless â€Å"we know the value of what is obtained as well as the value of what is sacrificed to obtain it† (Coase 2). In these situations, it may well appear that the costs of the damage caused by a manufacturing businesses to a nearby river are much lower than the costs of closing the facility and leaving hundreds of people without jobs. It is the question of costs and values. In Coase’s view, it is also the question of resource allocation and balance across multiple market players. Using Coase’s ideas to analyze contemporary problems Today’s world is being torn between multiple social priorities, and chances to reach an ideal balance are close to zero. Healthcare, public transport, energy consumption, and climate change all have direct or indirect relation to public goods and all impose new demands on businesses and private entities. Starting with health care, which is claimed to be a universal right and a public good, many businesses are bound to carry the burden of increased healthcare costs. They pay higher premiums for their employees and devise new quality assurance models to avoid the negative impacts of their business processes on public health. Yet, taking Coase’s argument into account, the value of these premiums and their real impacts on the quality and accessibility of healthcare for the poor should be thoroughly analyzed. In a similar fashion, the costs of new quality assurance systems and their real effects on public health need to be weighed. In economic terms, the discussed problem can be readily limited to the problem of marginal costs and marginal revenues: how much marginal revenue does another unit of health premiums or quality assurance systems bring? This is the question that needs to be answered to achieve the desired outcome for all parties.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The situation is quite similar with the impacts of transport on the air quality and their implications for public transport and poor households. Car owners are usually blamed for the contribution they make to air pollution. According to Eskeland and Kong, air quality is a pure public good, as long as it is nonrival and nonexcludable (1). Today’s public policies vote for decreasing the number of private cars and enhancing the quality of public transport networks which, eventually, should help to improve the quality of air in urban and rural settings. Again, the reciprocity of the problem should not be ignored (Coase 1). Another approach to solve the problem of air pollution is needed. This approach should necessarily involve the analysis of the public transport availability in rural settings, the costs and benefits of car ownership by rural residents, the impacts of rural car owners on the quality of air, as well as the potential impacts of other policy decisions on rural resi dents. Eventually, it is rural residents who are most likely to suffer the lack of transport, regardless of the quality of air in their area. Most likely, the public transport and air quality policies proposed by governments and volunteering organizations will have to be more aggressive for urban residents and less aggressive for rural and poorer households (Eskeland Kong 1). The elimination of private car ownership and the extension of public transport networks by themselves will not eliminate the existing deficiency and help achieve the desirable social result (Coase 26). Without considering other changes in the system that will follow the corrective measure, the costs of such measure may turn out to be too high. No less complicated are the problems of renewable versus traditional energy resources and the problem of climate change. With the growing scarcity of traditional energy resources, more and more communities recognize the economic and, more importantly, social validity of renewable energy systems. The demand for renewable energy constantly increases (Simon), but who is allowed to benefit from renewable energy, and does one have the right to refuse from the renewable energy shifts and keep using traditional energy? Apparently, the government cannot just demand that all businesses and households switch to renewable energy. Many manufacturing enterprises still depend on traditional energy sources. In these questions, economic policy decisions should be based on the opportunity cost considerations and the potential value of renewable energy both for the businesses involved and the broader processes in global climate. Eventually, the most essential is involving economists in all policymaking processes. This is, probably, the most reliable method to improve the quality, efficiency, and feasibility of the future policy decisions. Conclusion Economic policymaking is an extremely complicated process. Unfortunately, on many occasions, the economic aspects of p olicies give place to the legal ones. How to ensure that businesses operate for the common good is a difficult question, but it is clear that the economic implications of policy decisions should always be considered. According to Ronald Coase, the problem of public goods and negative externalities is reciprocal, and any decision is essentially about the proper allocation of the existing resources and not about limiting the production of one good over another. In healthcare or energy decisions, the questions of marginal revenue, marginal cost, and value should be thoroughly analyzed. All economic decisions should also be based on opportunity cost considerations, as they definitely allow improving the quality and efficiency of policymaking results. Works Cited Coase, Ronald. â€Å"The Problem of Social Cost.† The Journal of Law and Economics,  (October 1960): pp.1-28. Print. Eskeland, Gunnar Chingying Kong. Protecting the Environment and the Poor: A  Public Goods Framework Applied to Indonesia. The World Bank, 1998. Print. McDonald, John F. Daniel P. McMillen. Urban Economics and Real Estate: Theory  and Policy. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, 2011. Print. Rosen, Harvey. Public Finance, 7th ed. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005. Print. Simon, Christopher A. â€Å"Is Energy a Public Good?† Renewable Energy World, 2 July 2007. Web. This article on Public Goods and Negative Externalities: A Real-World Problem was written and submitted by user Nickolas U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Using the Spanish Word Tamao

Using the Spanish Word Tamao Tamaà ±o is the most common Spanish word for size. Here are some examples of its use as a noun. Note that it is sometimes more natural to translate sentences containing tamaà ±o by referring to the sizes themselves rather than using the word size. No sà © el tamaà ±o de tu ropa. (I dont know your clothing size.)  ¿De quà © tamaà ±o debe ser el cuestionario? (How long should the questionnaire be?) El tamaà ±o del cerebro del bebà © es sà ³lo un 25 por ciento del que tendrà © cuando sea adulto. (The size of a babys brain is only 25 percent of what it will be when shes an adult.) Quiero enviar un archivo adjunto de gran tamaà ±o. (I want to send a large attached file.) Puedes obtener un descuento en un tatuaje de cualquier tamaà ±o. (You can get a discount on a tattoo of any size.) El artista italiano crea esculturas de madera a tamaà ±o natural. (The Italian artist creates life-size wood sculptures. Tamaà ±o real could have been used here with the same meaning.) Los mamà ­feros de tamaà ±o medio pueden ser los ms propensos a extinguirse. (Medium-sized mammals can be the ones with the greatest tendency to go extinct.) El tiempo de hornear depende del tamaà ±o del pan. (The baking time depends on the size of the bread loaf.) Con el tamaà ±o familiar, obtendrs 166 lavados para todo tipo de ropa. (With the family size, youll get 166 washer loads for every type of clothing.) Voy a comprar un servidor de impresià ³n de tamaà ±o de bolsillo. (Im going to buy a pocket-size print server.) Tamaà ±o can also function as an adjective to mean such a large, such a or something similar. Note that while tamaà ±o as a noun is masculine, tamaà ±o as a adjective must match the gender and number of the noun that follows. My madre dijo tamaà ±as palabras en una de esas ocasiones. (My mother said such big words on one of those occasions.)  ¿Cà ³mo es posible que un nià ±o de siete aà ±os sea capaz de tamaà ±a aventura? (How is it possible that a 7-year-old be capable of such an adventure?) Los libros hacen tamaà ±a diferencia en las vidas del nuestros hijos. (Books make such a big difference in the lives of our children.) Es tamaà ±o insulto para la inteligencia. (Its such an insult to the intelligence.) Etymology Tamaà ±o comes from the Latin tam magnos, meaning so large. Synonyms Although not as versatile as tamaà ±o, talla is frequently used for size, especially when talking about clothing or body size: Normalmente las tallas americanas son ms grandes que las europeas. (Normally the American sizes run larger than the European ones.) Other words that sometimes translate as size include altura (height), ancho (width), capacidad (capacity), dimensià ³n (dimension), medida (measurement) and volumen (volume). Sources Sample sentences were derived from sources that include ElOrigenDelHombre.com, Sabrosia.com Prezi.com, Cultura Inquieta, MuyInteresante.es, GroupOn.es, Jasnet de Barcelona and ElPlural.com.

Biography of John Marshall, Supreme Court Chief Justice

Biography of John Marshall, Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall served as the chief justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835. During Marshalls 34 year tenure, the Supreme Court attained stature and established itself as a fully co-equal branch of the government. When Marshall was appointed by John Adams, the Supreme Court was widely viewed as a weak institution with little impact on government or society. However, the Marshall court became a check on the power of the executive and legislative branches. Many opinions written during Marshalls tenure established precedents which still continue to define the powers of the federal government to this day. Fast Facts: John Marshall Occupation: Supreme Court chief justice, secretary of state, and lawyerBorn: September 24, 1755 in Germantown, VirginiaDied: July 6, 1835 Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaEducation: College of William MarySpouses Name: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall (m. 1783–1831)Childrens Names: Humphrey, Thomas, MaryKey Accomplishment: Raised the stature of the U.S. Supreme Court, established the Supreme Court as a co-equal branch of government Early Life and Military Service John Marshall was born on the Virginia frontier on September 24, 1755. His family was related to some of the wealthiest members of the Virginia aristocracy, including Thomas Jefferson. However, because of several scandals in previous generations, Marshalls parents had inherited little and subsisted as hard-working farmers. Marshalls parents were somehow able to acquire a number of books. They instilled a love of learning in their son, and he compensated for a lack of formal education through extensive reading. When the colonies rebelled against the British, Marshall enlisted in a Virginia regiment. He rose to the title of officer and saw combat at battles including Brandywine and Monmouth. Marshall spent the bitter winter of 1777-78 at Valley Forge. It was said that his sense of humor helped him and his friends cope with the great hardship. As the Revolutionary War neared its end, Marshall found himself sidelined, as most of the men in his regiment had deserted. He remained an officer, but he had no men to lead, so he spent time attending lectures on the law at the College of William and Mary- his only experience with formal education. Legal and Political Career In 1780, Marshall was admitted to the Virginia Bar and began a law practice. Two years later, in 1782, he entered politics, winning the election to the Virginia legislature. Marshall earned a reputation as a very good lawyer whose logical thinking made up for his lack of formal schooling. He attended the convention at which Virginians debated whether to ratify the Constitution. He argued forcefully for ratification. He took a particular interest in defending Article III, which deals with the powers of the judiciary, and embraced the concept of judicial review- foreshadowing of his later career on the Supreme Court. In the 1790s, as political parties began to form, Marshall became a leading Federalist in Virginia. He aligned himself with President George Washington and Alexander Hamilton, and was a proponent of a strong national government. Marshall avoided joining the federal government, preferring to stay in the Virginia legislature. This decision arose partly from the fact that his private law practice was doing very well. In 1797, he accepted an assignment from President Adams, who sent him to Europe as a diplomat during a time of tension with France. After returning to America, Marshall ran for Congress, and was elected in 1798. In early 1800, Adams, who had been impressed by Marshalls diplomatic work, appointed him secretary of state. Marshall was serving in that position when Adams lost the election of 1800, which was eventually decided in the House of Representatives. Appointment to the Supreme Court In the final days of John Adams presidency, a problem arose on the Supreme Court: the Chief Justice, Oliver Ellsworth, resigned due to failing health. Adams wanted to appoint a successor before leaving office, and his first choice, John Jay, turned down the job. Marshall delivered the letter that contained Jays rejection of the position to Adams. Adams was disappointed to read Jays letter turning him down, and asked Marshall who he should appoint. Marshall said he did not know. Adams replied, I believe I must nominate you. Though surprised, Marshall agreed to accept the position of chief justice. In an odd quirk, he did not resign from the post of secretary of state. Marshall was easily confirmed by the Senate, and for a brief period he was both chief justice and secretary of state, a situation that would be unthinkable in the modern era. As the post of chief justice was not considered a lofty position at the time, it was perhaps surprising that Marshall accepted the offer. It is possible that, as a committed Federalist, he believed serving on the nations highest court might be a check on the incoming administration of Thomas Jefferson. Landmark Cases Marshalls tenure leading the Supreme Court began on March 5, 1801. He sought to strengthen and unify the court, and at the outset he was able to convince his colleagues to stop the practice of issuing separate opinions. For his first decade on the court, Marshall tended to write the courts opinions himself. The Supreme Court also assumed its lofty position in the government by deciding cases which set important precedents. Some of the landmark cases of the Marshall era are: Marbury v. Madison, 1803 Perhaps the most discussed and influential legal case in American history, Marshalls written decision in Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review and was the first Supreme Court case to declare a law was unconstitutional. The decision written by Marshall would provide future courts with a sturdy defense of judicial power. Fletcher v. Peck, 1810 The decision, which involved a land dispute case in Georgia, established that a state court could strike down a state law as being inconsistent with the U.S. Constitution. McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 The case arose from a dispute between the state of Maryland and the Bank of the United States. The Supreme Court, led by Marshall, held that the Constitution gave the federal government implied powers and that a state could not regulate the power of the federal government. Cohens v. Virginia, 1821 The case, which arose from a dispute between two brothers and the state of Virginia, established that the federal courts could review state court decisions. Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 In case involving the regulation of steamboats in the waters around New York City, the Supreme Court held that the Constitutions commerce clause gave the federal government broad powers to regulate commerce. Legacy During the 34 years of Marshall’s tenure, the Supreme Court became a fully co-equal branch of the federal government. It was the Marshall court that first declared a law passed by Congress to be unconstitutional and set important limits on state powers. Without Marshalls guidance in the early decades of the 19th century, it is unlikely the Supreme Court could have grown into the powerful institution it has become. Marshall died on July 6, 1835. His death was marked with public displays of grieving, and in Philadelphia, the Liberty Bell cracked while being rung in tribute to him. Sources Paul, Joel Richard. Without Precedent: Chief Justice John Marshall and His Times. New York, Riverhead Books, 2018.Marshall, John. Shaping of America, 1783-1815 Reference Library, edited by Lawrence W. Baker, et al., vol. 3: Biographies Volume 2, UXL, 2006, pp. 347-359. Gale Virtual Reference Library.Marshall, John. Gale Encyclopedia of American Law, edited by Donna Batten, 3rd ed., vol. 6, Gale, 2011, pp. 473-475. Gale Virtual Reference Library.John Marshall. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed., vol. 10, Gale, 2004, pp. 279-281. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Models of art ( anthropology ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Models of art ( anthropology ) - Essay Example This period from 25 to 220 CE differed from its earlier namesake (Pirazzoli-T'Serstevens 34). As regards the chronology of the Han ceramics, the dates furnished by two pieces are of primary importance, the one, 133 B.C., found by Bushell on a vase of the Dana collection; and the other, 52 B.C., on a jug (Pirazzoli-T'Serstevens 40). There is another vase bearing the year-period Shn chek, i.e., 61-57 B.C.; but the reading of this inscription is still obscure. On the basis of these data, archeologists presume that this pottery originated in the second and first centuries before our era, although it may well be that some pieces belong to the first century A.D., which may be considered as the terminus ad quem. From internal evidence it is possible to fix the date of the type of the hill-censer in the first part of the first century B.C (Pirazzoli-T'Serstevens 42). The widest spectrum of surviving types is found in craft goods of daily use such as ceramics and textiles. Ceramics can be classified according to many different features. Technical criteria, including firing temperatur e and body types; style features, including glaze, decor, and favored shapes; geography or kiln sites; and the issues of taste, use, and markets discussed here are all important. Ceramic wares range from middle-class types to refined luxury wares commissioned by the imperial household and limited to that environment (Spirit of Han 12). Vessels occupied a special position during the Han dynasty as the main tool of cooking and baking. A typical bowl-shaped vessel of Han pottery with oblique handle terminating in an animal's head, much resembling the cooking-vessel found on the stove (Cooper 38). To obtain a clear understanding of this type, archeologists discuss two related bronze types of the same period. By the term chiao tou, two kinds of copper or bronze vessels are understood: (1) a vessel provided with three feet and a handle, and serving to cook food in; (2) a cookingpan, used in camps by soldiers for preparing their food in by day, and for striking the watch by night. The latter vessel is also called tiao tou. To avoid confusion, critics restricted the term chiao tou to the tripod cooking-vessel, and tiao tou to the cooking-pan without feet (Cooper 36). The example selected for analysis is the chiao tou made of bronze (See Appendix, Picture 1). The total height up to the head of the animal is 24.3 cm; up to the rim of the vessel, 16 cm; the height of the feet being 11.2 cm. The diameter of the mouth is 19.8 cm; the depth of the vessel, 7.8 cm. The copper material is covered with black, reddish, and green spots. According to the verbal explanation of a Chinese archologist at Hsi an, the animal forming the handle is "the scaly dragon" and the vessel was used like a ladle, for scooping water, the long neck of the chiao serving as handle (Cooper 37). The animal's neck and feet are curved in a different manner. The neck is joined to the vessel by means of two small parallel pieces, but the whole is made in one cast. The mouth of the monster is wide open. The feet are rounded out, and the lower ends are evidently worked into hoofs. Around the body of the vessel are four parallel raised lines, the so-called "girdle- ornament." Through the

Impact of Microfinance on Developing Countries Literature review

Impact of Microfinance on Developing Countries - Literature review Example With no access to financial systems, the poor have to define new informal ways through which they have to guarantee their financial survival while at the same time obtaining seed capital for development. Such informal community based institutions are meant to meet their daily and long-term financial needs, a gap that is perfectly filled by the micro financial institutions (Jegede, Kehinde & Hamed, 2011). Consequently, micro financial institutions are organizations developed towards promoting economic activities among the poor and low-income earners, where formal financial institutions have not offered similar services. To these people, banking services are impossible or almost impossible and they have to get a new way of bridging the gap left by the banks, which makes micro financial institutions prominent in poor countries particularly in the African continent. Micro financial institutions will lend small amounts of capital to members and other poor individuals in the locality towar ds poverty eradication, in addition to providing the poor communities the same services that are available in banks, and which are enjoyed by the rich (Jegede Kehinde & Hamed, 2011). In fact, microfinance institutions do not only provide capital for the poor but will go an extra mile to alleviate poverty from the basic individual level and at the community level (Anyanwu, 2004). Consequently, as Anyanu asserts, in Africa and other developing countries, microfinance institutions are considered the main source of funding for the poor towards creating projects that alleviate poverty and educate the poor on wealth creation. Due to the important role played by these institutions in poverty eradication, the government of Nigeria adopted micro financial institutions as the main route towards poverty eradication with the central Bank of Nigeria developing the necessary policies to facilitate operations of these institutions. This is despite the fact that the number of people benefiting from these institutions is still lower than required, with more people targeted through expansion of microfinancial institutions throughout the rural areas in the country. More than 70% of Nigerians live below the poverty line with microfinance banks serving about one million clients across the country that has a population of more than 140 million people (Irobi, 2008). Considering these facts, it is important to investigate how microfinance institutions affect the poor in developing countries with a close focus on Nigeria. Microfinance institutions have a role to correct an imperfect market in answering the various shortcomings of imperfections in the credit market (Armendariz & Murdoch, 2010). Making it easy for people to obtain capital has been shown as the best way to increase output, profits and net income among the poor, which improves their individual and communal welfare. However, the borrowing capacity is mostly dependent on the amount of information in the market, the vulnerab ility of the business being funded and the amounts of uncertainties in the business setup (Duvendack et al, 2011). Moreover, credit facilities continue to be used for gender empowerment among the poor where microfinance institutions targeting women have continued to sprout. Such credit facilities and education on members are aimed at promoting the status of women in the society and empowering them to handle more roles in the society and their families in general (Duvendack et al, 2011). There is a general simplified assumption that credit is an exogenous mode of treatment on borrowers that represent the wellbeing of the affected individuals through changing their livelihoods and other relations between individuals (Duvendack et al,

Women in Arizona Politics Essay -- Females Arizona Political Science E

Women in Arizona Politics Women in Arizona politics have come a long way during the twentieth century. At the beginning of the century, women were just fighting for the right to vote with the suffrage movement. As we approach the dawn of a new century, women in Arizona hold five of the top offices in the state, including Governor Jane Hull. Throughout this chronological discussion, I will be continually drawing on three major points. First, the accomplishments of many women who have made an impact in Arizona politics. Second, the political offices being sought and won by women showed steady increases. Third, the number of women seeking political offices showed steady increases. These will be my three main methods in showing that Arizona women made significant progress in the political arena during the twentieth century. I. The Fight For Suffrage To understand the progress made by women in the 1900’s, one must understand that the suffrage movement was an ongoing struggle from the time Arizona was granted territorial status in 1863. Josephine Hughes was a principal figure in the new Arizona women’s suffrage movement. Ms. Hughes resigned her position as president of Arizona’s Women’s Christian Temperance Union in order to establish the first Arizona Suffrage Association. Even though women’s suffrage didn’t garner enough votes during the first Constitutional Convention in 1891, Josephine Hughes laid the tracks for other women to follow, and is considered a pioneer in the Arizona women’s suffrage movement (Kelly 7). Women’s fight for suffrage in Arizona continued in 1910 with the second Constitutional Convention. The National American Women’s Suffrage Association sent organizers and money in... .... However, I feel that the best way to measure the political progress of Arizona women during the twentieth century can be summed up in the following four words, from suffrage to Governor. Think about that for a second. When the century began, women in Arizona were just fighting for the basic right to vote. As we close out the twentieth century, a woman is governing the entire state of Arizona. To call this progress anything less than tremendous would be the understatement of the century. Works Cited Kelly, Rita Mae. Women And the Arizona Political Process. Maryland: University Press of America, Inc., 1988. Simpson, Claudette. "Frances Munds and Arizona's History of Suffrage." Charlotte Hall Museum. March 22, 1998. April 6, 1999. <http://www.prescottaz.com/pdc/dayarc/32298.htm> <http://www.governor.state.az.us/news/indexbio.html>

Prader-Willi Case Essay

This essay will discuss the role of the nurse in the context of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) which is caused by a genetic disease by a deletion in chromosome 15. This can lead to insatiable hunger, excessive eating and result in obesity. This syndrome requires management from the multidisciplinary team which includes dieticians, doctors, mental health team, nurses, occupational therapist, physiotherapists and social services. This is where the role of the nurse and nursing staff can stand out as they are actively involved in patient care providing support to the patient and their family, as well as playing a role in preventing disease progression. â€Å"Make the care of people your first concern, treating them as individuals and respecting their dignity† (NMC, 2010). This is of utmost importance in the management of PWS, and how the individual can be educated by managing the syndrome. This essay will relate across the lifespan; childhood, adolescence and adulthood. This will be discussed in the following paragraphs. PWS is an uncommon genetic disorder that is present at birth in either male or female. It is the most common genetic cause of morbid obesity and can vary at different weights. Although the cause is complex, it results from a deletion or unexpression of genes from the paternal chromosome 15. This condition affects approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 25,000 new-borns (Killeen, 2004). Individuals with this condition have serious problems controlling their weight as they have a very strong food compulsion before the age of six. The condition is diagnosed through genetic testing. It is specifically DNA-based methylation testing to distinguish the absence of the paternal chromosome; chromosome 15.This test is recommended for new borns with pronounced hypotonia (praderwillisyndrome, 2010). An early diagnosis allows for early intervention as well as early provision of growth hormone (GH) treatment. GH gives an increased muscle mass and supports linear growth. GH treatment also advantageous because it decreases food preoccupation and weight gain. During pregnancy, there can be a few abnormal signs which can indicate, but are not limited to PWS. In utero, there can be excessive amniotic fluid; a condition known as polyhydraminos. There can also be reduced fetal movements and the fetal position within the uterus may be suboptimal i.e. breech presentation. Once the baby is born, other signs such as feeding difficulties- due to poor muscular tone affecting the sucking reflex and generalised hypotonia-poor muscular tone (FPWR, 2011).The baby may feel floppy when held as their joints may be loosely extended instead of being firmly in position. An early diagnosis of these can point to an early diagnosis of PWS, hence lead to early management. The clinical presentation of PWS is not limited to physical signs and symptoms but includes linear growth and development, which can cause mental and behavioural problems. These can be presented early in childhood. Physical features can include short stature, small hands and feet, low birth weight, and classic facial features including narrow forehead, almond-shaped eyes and â€Å"down-turned† mouth (Holm et al, 1993). Behavioural symptoms can include obsessive behaviours, unpredictable temper tantrums, skin picking, stubbornness and resistance to change. Individuals with this condition are not mentally stable as they have an increased risk and suffer from depression and psychosis. They also suffer from hallucinations, loss of interests, changes in mood and poor concentration levels. As mentioned earlier, Hypotonia is poor muscle tone. Hypotonia improves with age, however if it persists by the age of two to three, it is very likely that the child may not have started walking. Walking is a crucial milestone that should be reached within the first two years of life (NLM 2010).This is because their weight gain has made it difficult to move around and their condition is already exacerbated by the hypotonia. They can be referred to physiotherapy to try and improve the muscle tone. They also have a failure to thrive and their rate of physical growth is less than their peers’. With failure to thrive, these infants may not respond to simulation as they tire easily. Infants with this condition gain weight more slowly and start to put on more weight by the age of 2-3. A child with PWS may start speaking later than other children as their verbal skills are delayed. Speech and language therapy is advisable at this point as the child will benefit with input from a ther apist. Most common speech concerns include problems with voice quality, articulation, usage as well as resonance patterns (Munson-Davis, 1988). The child constantly craves for food and eats more than they should. They constantly gain weight and may eat things most people wouldn’t deem edible; such as expired or frozen food. There is a serious compulsion towards food, and a lack of awareness of hunger satiation. In childhood, they have a tendency to be stubborn, argumentative and possessive (Nordqvist, 2010). Some infants can develop obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) along with repetitive behaviours. They can throw tantrums as they can only consume a certain amount of food per day so they do not gain weight (as per their dietary management plan). During adolescence, height becomes more noticeable as the individual is much shorter than others. The height of a female with PWS on average is 4 feet 10 inches while that a male with PWS is 5 feet 2 inches (nhs.uk, 2011). The individual would still suffer from hypotonia up until adulthood and would be extremely flexible due to poor muscle tone. Once the individual has reached adulthood, they cannot reproduce as they are infertile due to delayed puberty in both male and female from a young age. The reproductive system would not have produced enough sex hormones, which results in undeveloped sex organs. Hypogonadism is a medical term for the reduction or absence of hormone secretion or other physiological activity of the gonards. Individuals with PWS have some degree of a learning disability. Learning disability nursing practice reflected current philosophies of supporting people with learning disabilities (Clifton et al. 1992). The presence of PWS in a family can create substantial stress. Families would have had to adapt to changes within the household to be able to manage the individual with the syndrome. Parents are often exhausted from the demands of their time and energy for diet control, specialized programmes, therapy appointments and behavioural supervision. Siblings are also affected as they often feel neglected as the PWS sibling receives more attention and appears to be more loved. (Tomase-ski-Heinemann 1998) It is a nurse’s responsibility to help support and manage a patient with the condition along with supporting the individual and their family. The uncontrollable appetite leads to obesity. Obesity is a global epidemic, and is also known to be a significant risk factor for other health related problems which include heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, hypoventilation and right sided heart failure (WHO, 1948). Some people with PWS also develop type 2 diabetes mellitus which is the most common form of diabetes, where the body either does not produce enough insulin or the insulin is not working properly; insulin resistance. In addition, part of the due diligence of nurses is that in providing care for a patient with PWS that they holistically look after the patient starting from the first interaction. For example, in PWS this involves first building a rapport with the patient explaining their diagnosis and describing the nurses’ role in the management (monitoring weight, supporting diet). It should be stressed to the patient and their family the importance of confidentially and that their information will not be told to anyone outside the medical team. This ensures that the nurse has fulfilled their responsibly within the multi-disciplinary team. The Data Protection Act (1998) was put in place to maintain patient records and information. Therefore the nurse would be upholding these legislations by practising patient confidentiality. When visiting a patient at home or in the hospital, a nurse should ask for consent for patient contact i.e. assessing vital signs. Nurses’ must follow the NMC guidelines although the patient may not understand what the nurse is saying because of a learning disability for example. However, consent must be indicated in some form such as nodding of the head. The NMC (2010) states that â€Å"you should ensure that you gain their consent before you begin to provide care†. If the patient is unable to give consent and is alert, the next of kin is assigned to making the decision due to the best interest of the patient. A nurse is accountable to manage, maintain and monitor the individuals’ weight. The nurse does not only have to keep track but also the family should be involved in managing the weight. Nurses can book weekly appointments with the individual and their family/carer so their weight can be monitored to check for any improvement to the weight or not. The family should monitor the amount the individual consumes daily. They are constantly hungry and cry for more food if it is not given to them. Locks must be placed on cupboards or on the kitchen door to stop them from eating (PWSAUSA, 2009). It will be hard for the individual to cope once this is introduced as they do not know when to stop. This is where the nurse should explain to the individual how important it is to manage their weight and what it can lead to if it is not controlled. The nurse should be there to support them when the individual starts to show aggressive behaviour as it will be hard for the family as well. Adults with PWS are inactive due to their low muscle tone and therefore only require 1,000-1,200 calories a day (PWSA, 2010). Encouraging the individual to be healthy is important. Although the nurse must understand that the patient may be unable to exercise properly due to poor muscle tone, they should encourage the patient to eat healthily for example fruit and vegetables. The individual must not have too many fatty foods i.e sweets and chocolate. By promoting healthy foods will ensure that the individual does not gain more weight than they should. It will be hard for the individual to cope with the new foods introduced to them which is why a nurse will be there to support the individual and family. The nurse can also advise the family on encouraging the patient to do some exercises i.e. helping with house chores. Any sorts of movement can help burn calories. Communication skills is one of the key skills a nurse should have. â€Å"To understand the process of communication, we must understand how people relate to each other† (Faulkner, 1982). Supporting and helping patients and their families, communication is crucial. By managing the individual and their condition, team work is fundamental. It is important to work as team as the main focus in the patient care plan is the individual. Each health care professional has a role to play to help improve the individuals well-being. The main focus is the role of the nurse and how their professional issues can impact on the health and illness of people across the life span. It is important for a nurse to understand individuals and their condition because they can help make it somewhat easier for the patient and their family. This is because the nurse is an allied health professional who enjoys more interaction with the patient than many other members of the multidisciplinary team. Nurses need to respect patients from various backgrounds as PWS can affect people of all ethnicities. This syndrome can be found in people of any ethnic background (Zelweger, 1983). Nurses’ must respect the patients’ background and understand that they may not be able to communicate or understand what is being said. Makaton could be used to enhance communication and is a language programme, which is designed to provide a means of communication to individuals who cannot communicate well by speaking (Beukelman. D.R & Mirenda). Makaton can also be used with individuals who have cognitive impairments and specific language impairment that have negatively affected the ability to communicate. An interpreter is also a form of communication as they are translating what the other is saying if English is not their first language. By using interpreters (sign language or foreign languages) will help the patient and the nurse understand what the other is saying i.e. explaining what the condition is. This will also leave the patient happy so they do not feel angry and upset. Some individuals may have a language barrier or cultural beliefs which can go against some forms of treatment. The syndrome is lifelong and unfortunately has no cure, but with the support and advice the nurse will have given the patient and the family, the patient will be happy and content (FPWR, 2010). This essay has included the role of the nurse for this condition and how it can be managed. Overall, the main point is to promote a healthy way of what the individual eats and how it can be managed. Keeping such foods out of sight and having a positive family, helping the individual through the tough times can promote a healthy way of living for the individual. Exercise is crucial in maintaining a healthy weight.

Critical Analysis of Fracking - 1054 Words

Section I – Critical Analysis Problem The United States is facing an energy crisis. Dependence on foreign oil has led to geopolitical conflict, and global fossil fuel consumption is damaging the environment at an alarming rate. Add to this an exploding world population, and it is clear that the US needs to find an alternative source of energy. Question Can the natural gas deposits in the Marcellus Formation, extracted through fracking, be the solution to the United States’ energy problem? Purpose The purpose of this analysis is to examine the process of extracting natural gas in shale deposits—Horizontal High Volume Slickwater Hydraulic Fracturing, or â€Å"Fracking†Ã¢â‚¬â€and determine the long-term viability of this process.†¦show more content†¦The pressurized mixture causes the shale to crack, releasing natural gas and allowing it to flow up the well. It just so happens that Mount Pleasant, PA sits right on top of one of the richest regions of natural gas shale in the world: The Marcellus Formation. Scientists have known about the Marcellus Formation for decades. But it wasn’t until 2008, that Terry Engelder—Penn State University Professor of Geology—discovered the Marcellus Formation contains enough natural gas to supply the US for the next 14 years! Upon learning of the discovery, government and industry officials alike praised fracking as a â€Å"silver bullet† for America’s energy woes. Less than a year later, Range Resources began their fracking operation in Mount Pleasant. Companies like Range Resources have set up hundreds of fracking wells in towns like Mount Pleasant, PA. And business is booming. A study released by Penn State showed that during 2010, Pennsylvania natural gas development generated $11.2 Billion in regional GDP, and supported nearly 140,000 jobs. 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